Such bugs are extremely difficult to prevent at scale. Even the most talented engineers make such mistakes and programming quality varies significantly even within top engineering teams which are usually comprised of people with different skill sets (+ junior engineers that need training).

Safe languages are the only way forward to drastically reduce the problem. It can’t be guaranteed to be eliminated 100% obviously because there are still escape hatches available, but it will be significantly improved because you can limit the surface area where such bugs can live.