Is there a more accurate term I’m not aware of?
For instance, the fact that "minorities" are more susceptible to COVID in the first place (in the US, at least) isn't because of racial makeup or ancestral heritage, but rather because marginalized people in the US are more likely to be in "front line" jobs that come in contact with large groups of people (service workers, hospital janitorial staff, food workers, the like) and much less likely to be in a position to remove themselves or work from home.
EDIT: apologies HarryHirsch, it was relevant if I just read until the end. You did explain a better way to phrase it. I think you're right that using the word "population" is better here. Good reminder to me to make sure I understand what someone is saying before rejecting them.
We're trying to talk about the vaccine's effectiveness. We're trying to talk about biology, and it's kind of urgent at the moment. Can we please give sociology issues a pass for a bit?