> How are miners supposed to be compensated, given that the block reward halves every few years?
A solved problem by Satoshi. The block reward covers miners expenses for the next 100 years or so, THEN, once the block size is large enough and transactions are in the millions, a fee of a few cents per transaction replaces the block reward.
> Can you rebut these counter-claims made by one of the Core devs?
Yes, easily. This article [1] shows what I am saying, Core devs are funded by Blockstream. [2] Greg Maxwell (nullc) is, "a very dangerous individual whose [actions] speak for themselves". Just read about his past, he is a master social engineer and manipulator.
[1] https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/60250/bitcoin-developm...
[2] https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/74se80/wikipedia_admin...
> How are those developers being enriched? Lightning is free and open source.
Lightning does not work. It is a centralized "solution" to a decentralized problem. Sure, anyone can make a central database, hold Bitcoin and trade them, that is just an exchange, that is what Lightning is. What Blockstream is selling is not Lightning, their product is called Liquid.