Google sheets also has some large limitations and doesn’t contain anywhere near the feature richness of Excel, so it’s a little tit for tat.
For Power Users of excel, google sheets misses the following:
* Inability to import large datasets - number of cells limit is much smaller and there is no ability to support larger datasets (eg powerquery in excel). This means while sheets can typically handle 100k rows (with 10 columns), excel can handle well over 10 million (with hundreds of columns).
* No dynamic array formulas - in google sheets they are all “drag down” while in excel formulas can be created which expand/shrink according to the data
* No ability to handle relationships and measures - Excel has the capability to define relationships between data similar to a relational DB allowing for more powerful querying.
* You can’t send a google sheet on email - important for big companies!
In terms of a JavaScript API - excel has one for their web app (also called app script!), it’s just not supported on their desktop app yet (although this is being planned).