> "cognitive error" and "revealed preference" may also be different names for the same thing. Are they experimentally distinguishable?

"I would still be against torture no matter what the research shows" is revealed preference, and "I'm against it, therefore it doesn't work, no matter what the research shows" is cognitive error.

This is clearer if you suppose that I published a good, thorough study showing that torture works very well. In the former case, you could accept it as accurate but retain your opinion; in the latter case you would be forced to either change your stance or accuse me of [ineptitude, fraud, bias, secret sadism, etc].