The original Zen architecture released in 2017 was not the best performing CPU on the market by any metric. It wasn't until Zen 2 and Zen 3 that AMD fully caught up.
I believe it took until Zen 2 for the AMD high end to beat the Intel high end in multithreaded perf, and until Zen 3 for AMD to take the single threaded perf crown across the board too.
Although it's hard to say whether that was a direct response to the threat from AMD or not.