You know about the filibuster right? Republicans can filibuster (force infinite 'debate' though modern rules don't require people to actually talk during a filibuster any more [0]) anything they don't want to pass and it's up to extremely centrist (barely) Democrats like Joe Manchin if the filibuster remains. Without removing that it takes 10 Republican votes to stop debate on any bill.

There are some work arounds but they're limited to things that one person decides are sufficiently budget related enough to go through the reconciliation process that prevents filibusters. And that is a thrice a year option at most.

[0] I get why since senators have all sorts of commitments to their time even counting just Senate business but it means a there's basically no cost to doing one where there was.

Filibuster.