Ask HN: How can I work for Microsoft?

Microsoft and other large tech companies hire a lot of devs. You should apply to postings. Even if you don't get interviewed, your resume might be noticed by other company recruiters. Amazon recruiters do this a lot. Also, a security clearance will make you more attractive for certain positions at MS.

I know someone from state school that went to Microsoft. His personal projects seemed to be the factor that made him stand out.

Best way is to apply on their website directly for a full-time position that meets your interest and skill level. They will then reach out to you if you have what they are looking for. Having the CS degree will help as Computer Science is one of the base foundations that your interviews will be based on.

Do you have a current full-time SWE job?