AFAIK this is the main documentation page: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api which, subjectively speaking is really hard to read, and, objectively speaking, offers no sample responses/interactivity.
This page tries to fill the gap on tutorials/how-to: https://core.telegram.org/bots but without sample code.
There are a few bots you can find on GitHub, but nothing official that I could find.
Documentation on bot limitations in channels vs. groups is also really spotty.
Trying to detect who joined a group/channel and greet them, for example, or trying to send a message on departure, is non-trivial.