If it’s important and hard to get this data, is it really ridiculous that a provider of the data charges $700 for it?
I don't think IATA actually assigns the codes, but rather aggregates them. In the US, the FAA assigns the airport identifiers: https://www.faa.gov/nextgen/cip/airport_facility/
Good luck
I’m guessing you know that’s not correct or you’d have not asked, so what is it?
Sure, there are reasons for why they would want to make it available for free, but there are also reasons for why they would want to charge me, and they aren't unreasonable. I don't have any fundamental, natural right to a transportation network curating and providing their data for my consumption. It might not care enough about my needs to spend money do so. It might not care enough about my needs to spend money to do so for free.