Growing the Bytecode Alliance

Not sure why you were downvoted. But yes it is certainly very similar.

>bytecode web assembly succeed where Java didn't?

The reach between Java and JS Engine is on a completely different level.

Apple seems to be supportive of it as well.

https://caniuse.com/wasm

WebAssembly is an open standard with multiple open source implementations that come as a default install with every browser, whereas Java was a proprietary, closed source, at-the-time-still-patented technology that some browsers would license for embedded distribution, but which by and large was an after-market installation by the end user.