> the first submarine named Nautilus dates to 1800

It's possibly not what we'd call a submarine today but the first recorded use of one in warfare is from 1776.

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/worlds-first-sub...

> On September 7, 1776, during the Revolutionary War, the American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe’s flagship Eagle in New York Harbor. It was the first use of a submarine in warfare. > > Submarines were first built by Dutch inventor Cornelius van Drebel in the early 17th century, but it was not until 150 years later that they were first used in naval combat