Screening reveals coeliac disease cases in children have doubled in 25 years
eurekalert.org
eurekalert.org
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azodicarbonamide
It's a bread additive. It's also a highly labile chemical activating agent. It kind of blows my mind that we added this to bread; it's a VERY highly reactive compound, remeniscint of peptide coupling agents, which you can rapidly get allergic to in the lab from contact exposure, and of all the food proteins you don't want to screw around with, gluten practically screams immunogenic agent (peptide, hard to digest due to high proline and glutamine content).
The reason it's increasing is that we've chosen to make wheat proteins much more durable to reduce the susceptability to pests (thanks, Norman Borlaug). This makes them more durable, and for most people doesn't make their body attack itself.
But for the 13% of people who have an anti gliadin gene, you find yourself on an autoimmune spectrum ranging from Celiac (one diagnostic criteria: flat intestinal villi) to many other things that can manifest when impossible to digest proteins are routinely consumed.
If you don't have the gene, it is very unlikely you're actually allergic to wheat. If you do, it's a straight line, one gene to one protein allergy, ranging in severity of presentation.
It's estimated that 1% of people actually have Celiac-as-diagnostic criteria, but 13% have the anti gliadin protein gene(s) (HLA-DQ2.5 and HLA-DQ8) making it bad for you.
Is this something that gene therapy could alleviate? Similar to the sickle cell therapy recently approved (which knocks down BCL11A expression)?