Some banks in Germany support chipTAN which doesn't require a phone. You can find a list of banks supporting chipTAN here: https://www.kostenloser-girokonto-vergleich.de/diese-banken-...
Deutsche bank uses PhotoTAN, which supports hardware TAN generators [2].
Some banks use different but similar TAN generators (e.g. SecurePlus [3]), and I also witnessed Postbank accounts operated with USB-based TAN generators [4] called "BestSign".
[1] https://www.voelkner.de/products/476429/REINER-SCT-tanJack-o...
[2] https://genostore.de/db/phototan-lesegeraet/92/phototan-lese...
[3] https://cb.kobilshop.com/secureplus-generator/1/secureplus-g... securePlus Generator
[4] https://www.seal-one.com/devices.en#DiVc3100KLink BestSign