If you’re looking to connect via SSH, we do have a workaround here: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/blob/main... -- and I use this regularly for Jupyter Notebooks.
At first I liked them because they have lots of great functionalities out of the box, but vscode has caught up and just yesterday I switched back to vscode from jetbrains. For java spring and react
It's pretty configurable. In my experience, it's pretty quick. It's not text editor or VS Code quick but the only thing that ever trips me up is the occasional re-indexing. Well worth it for how well it does everything else.
Code server (https://github.com/cdr/code-server) works in a similar way using your own PC as a host, but for whatever reason Codespaces is more performant.
Parts of gmail run in the browser, the rest runs on servers written in many different languages at Google.