We know this doesn't work because we've been trying it for a long time. It seems to me that some people, when faced with failed policies, will think "we just haven't done this enough yet." As though if we were only increasing the minimum wage even higher the effects would be the opposite of what we've seen in the past.
Right now, apparently, there is a shortage of labor caused by the government paying people more to stay home than they're worth to pay to do work. It's something to keep in mind. Work is only worth so much. It doesn't make sense for a fast food restaurant to pay someone $30/hour. So, when minimum wage increases, those people simply aren't hired. So now instead of whatever wages they might have been paid, they now make $0 (or however much is coming out of your taxes for them to stay home).
There are other factors like the cost of housing that make this more complicated, but "we just need to force businesses to pay people more" ignores many important factors contributing to this situation. Which is why nothing gets better. It's time to try something different, not double or triple down on things that just don't work.