The Dirac String Trick (2015)
ariwatch.com
ariwatch.com
The second part of the article about untangling strings after a 720° turn is also covered in: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JaIR-cWk_-o ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nat-EsReXtQ ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7wvWJ3-t44 ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rzt_byhgujg
Some? Scale the direction vector (x,y,z) to have magnitude = sin(theta) and then set w = cos theta, where theta is half the desired rotation angle. Then (w,x,y,z) is the quaternion that represents the rotation. It was hard for me to read without that relationship constantly popping into my head.