In Europe a doctor cannot be sued out of their livelihood, but US doctors are open to that after spending most of their youth (and into their 30s) training for the job with miserable work conditions and pay, and at exorbitant personal financial costs. The cost of the ability to sue doctors trickles everywhere through the training process, insurance, daily documentation, increased testing, and decreased training spots. In surgery for example, every resident has to hunt for opportunities to practice each procedure and fill their portfolio of required skills over time. If they don't the opportunities to do that after going into practice are far more limited. Existing doctors also need to maintain skill levels, or lose them - so the flow of cases in each discipline determines how many good practicing doctors you can have in that discipline. If you dilute the talent pool with the same number of annual cases available, you get many many more bad doctors. A Whipple surgery, for example is one of the longest and most complicated procedures in Surgery. Per studies, you don't want to be operated on by a Surgeon who has less than 15 Whipples per year under their belt. The hard part is not increasing the slots, but increasing the quality of training and existing talent pool when you have more people competing to learn from fewer procedures.