how can people learn if large parts of humanity's scientific and technological feedback/learning loops are commoditized and made artificially scarce by our economic system? especially now that we have digital technology available that could make the storing and transmitting of informational artifacts super cheap.
so i think neither of the two reasons you stated, but because we are living in a black box society. we are being forcefully disinherited by the propertied class.
knowledge laborers who get 2x median income have just been less victim to capitalist gatekeeping, since a few are needed to generate more intellectual property for the propertied class. [2]
[1] Aaron Swartz, Guerilla Open Access Manifesto: https://archive.org/stream/GuerillaOpenAccessManifesto/Goamj...
[2] Wendy Liu, Gatekeeping in the tech industry: https://dellsystem.me/posts/fragments-50