`thiserror` definitely does allow it, e.g.

    #[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
    pub enum Error {
        #[error("Cannot open `{1}`")]
        OpenFile(#[source] std::io::Error, PathBuf)
        #[error("Cannot read file contents")]
        ReadFileContents(#[source] std::io::Error)
        #[error("Cannot parse the configuration file")]
        ParseConfig(#[source] serde::Error)
    }

    fn open_config(path: &Path) -> Result<Config, Error> {
        let mut file = File::open(path).map_err(|e| Error::OpenFile(e, path.to_owned()))?;
        let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(1024);
        file.read_to_end(&mut data).map_err(Error::ReadFileContents)?;
        parse_config(&data).map_err(Error::ParseConfig)
    }

EDIT: adjusted to add an example of adding path to the error message.