It appears to be stored in the url. As you update the cells there's an encoded # variable that, when removed, wipes the table.
I once did some checks and found at least one shortener could store a URL string of at least 65KB [1]. That was in 2009. Not sure where those shortener limits are all at today - I suspect the industry dynamics changed when Twitter introduced its built-in shortener.
1. https://softwareas.com/the-url-shortener-as-a-cloud-database...
However there is a link shortener that is quietly hosted by GitHub called https://git.io that doesn't seem to have a length limit as far as I've discovered. [1]