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Comment by acdha | Hacker News Reader

> I’ve heard that some public high schools in California will require a vaccination card!, which, in my opinion, is quite extreme.

Do you have children? Public schools have had vaccination requirements going back to the middle of the 19th Century. If you live in California, starting before kindegarten students are required to be vaccinated against polio, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, varicella, Haemophilus influenzae, measles, mumps, and rubella. They also recommend Hep B and meningococcal vaccines but the latter are only required for college students.

https://www.shotsforschool.org/k-12/

This is true in most of the civilized world because vaccines have changed those diseases from something my parents' generation knew as the reason why the neighbor kid died or was crippled for life to something you learn about in history class.

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> Do you have children? Public schools have had vaccination requirements going back to the middle of the 19th Century.

No, I’m a teenager. I didn’t know vaccination requirements were that strict/common. I vaguely remember being asked about it maybe in elementary school but right now I’m in high school and I wasn’t asked any of that to enter (for context, I go to a private high school in Mexico).

This might be of interest: note that the first U.S. government vaccine mandate was in 1777, which George Washington required smallpox inoculation for the soldiers, and the first school mandate was in 1855:

https://www.historyofvaccines.org/timeline/all

I would suspect that you would probably have heard about this in a public school and it's also possible that this was handled by your parents without you being aware of it. It's very routine here — my son would have no idea this had happened since his doctor's office sends the records directly to the school nurse.

Wouldn't the analog of George Washington intentionally exposing his soldiers to small pox be more similar to getting covid on purpose?

There was a few centuries of experience with smallpox inoculations in China when the Europeans adopted the practice so it was known that the cases produced that way would be less severe on average — something like an order of magnitude fewer people dying from inoculation than contracting it naturally.

There's an interesting chart here showing what that looked like in Boston with the death rate falling off as inoculations picked up in the 1700s and then significantly dropping when the first vaccines were used in 1800:

https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/special-edition-on-infect...

Interesting thanks!

My wife's an AP biology teacher so we've talked about this a fair amount over the years since she's found the history is often a good hook for students.

If you want another interesting bit of history, the Balmis expedition in 1803 is fascinating, too. Smallpox was a huge problem in the New World so Jenner's discovery that cowpox protected against smallpox was of enormous interest but they didn't have an easy way to transport since the trip took longer than the 10-12 days someone would be contagious.

They ended up taking a 22 orphans and infecting them with cowpox two at a time using a sample of the pus from the previous pair, which worked well enough to reach Mexico via the Canary Islands and Puerto Rico, and then from Mexico they repeated the process with 25 new orphans all the way to the Philippines.

https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/41/9/1285/278013

Wow good thing they had a plentiful supply of orphans! Bleck! Haha thanks!

Yeah, that one hit me with a nice case of culture shock, too — imagine going to a modern IRB saying you wanted to try an new experimental treatment on poor kids and getting the response “great idea, they should be grateful for the food!”

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