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Not as much as you'd think; Rome is about the same latitude as Chicago, and they get a similar amount of sunshine (2,500 hours annually, according to a quick Google).

Most people don’t work outdoors, latitude does not matter much.

On the contrary. When it comes to skin type vs. vitamin D levels, then people with darker skin who live in the North are more deficient as you would expect.

Coincidentally or not, PoC/BAME folks have worse COVID outcomes in these countries, which could be due to vitamin D deficiency. There is of course socio-economic component too.

Italy has very high vitamin d deficiency

Italy is not a tropical Caribbean island as some people like to think. Torino and Milano even have sub 0C temperatures in the winter.