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This seems like a massive question outside the scope of what this thread can deliver. Recommend reading "Mastering Bitcoin" by Andreas Antonopoulos!

Reading a pop-culture piece won't help; I get the technical stuff.

Rather, I'm curious why someone who appears to have followed Bitcoin a bit might self-identify as a "permabull".

Ah okay! Well, in case the OP doesn't respond, and because this is a much larger question, perhaps there's another book that fits the bill.

I haven't read "The Bitcoin Standard" but believe it addresses some of your curiosities.