College Major Restrictions and Student Stratification
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I think the largest explanation comes from the incredible success of luxury ideas like "find your true calling", "don't make decisions based on money", "don't sell out", etc. These ideas sound nice when you're saying them, but their uptake will always be highest among those who don't have the resources or strong grounding to know that they're basically all bullshit. Meanwhile, anyone better off has either connections that will serve as the real basis for a career start, or parents who won't let them follow that terrible advice
Also, why was B.F. Skinner allowed to have so much influence on the way we structure our educational system?