However, one thing that the article didn’t mention is that most managed hives, with removable frames, are made with wood that has been planed/sanded smooth on both sides. This makes everything uniform and easy to paint the outside of the boxes, but also limits where bees can/need to place propolis.
I have seen (can’t find sources at the moment) some beekeepers recommending roughing up the inside walls of the boxes - either with low grit sandpaper or a wire brush - so as to create a more ‘natural’ hive and thus induce the bees to coat the inside of the hive with propolis like they would do in a tree hollow.