Everyone is saying No, but that's not strictly true.

GoG has a slew of arcade games for sale, that are essentially emulator+rom combinations. Double Dragon, Metal Slug, Neo Turf Masters, etc are all available for purchase with a good ROM.

There are also licensed miniconsoles and cabinets (Arcade 1Up and others) that are likewise just hardware+emulator+rom combinations, and you can legally extract the roms for your own purposes.

And there's more. I have a sizeable legally-acquired ROM collection, now. Even console games - Genesis games on Steam, PSX games on PSN, etc.