I made a couple of Xbox accounts for my kids to use for some PC game. Used unique emails on my own domain and hosted on my own private mail server. Declined requests to provide any extras. Not a week in MS sends an email to both that literally said "Your _email_ account was hacked. Your Xbox account is suspended. Secure it with a phone number or it will be deleted."
The new and improved, people-friendly Microsoft. Just a fresh coat of paint over the same old core.
If you don't want to buy another account you could use one of the many launchers that allow you to play without an account (tlauncher, shiginima...) but your mileage may vary. You could also use multimc but, since it requires an account to download the assets, you'd need to copy around the files in the .minecraft folder used by the official launcher which can be challenging and annoying to do.
Edit: I have a similar thing going on with Microsoft too, to migrate the account I need access to the email which I no longer have. I've been opening a ticket every ~3 months for the past ~2 years and they still refuse to switch my email address. Luckily I can still play the game (not for long) since I still have access to the account
What's worse with all these verification systems is that what happens if you make the human mistake of setting them to the other email, so each one sends their verificacion to the other one. I just want to use my very secure passwords and maybe a OTP key, not depending on third party emails :-(
If you own your own domain and pay for web hosting, many hosts also provide e-mail as a free add-on.
So disappointing since it was my only point of contact with lots of old friends.
To be fair, they want me to email pictures of my driver's license to recover the account, which they pinky-promise they'll delete afterwards. I'm not willing to do that, given I didn't have to provide any ID to sign up in the first place. So now I'm looking into having this form they sent to me notorized so I can get access back. What a mess.
Edit: nevermind, I'm sure I'm wrong about this, and it's offtopic anyway. Apologies!
Reset codes, as in some entities will provide you with a page/image/etc. with ~10 codes on it when you enable 2FA, which can each be used once in place of the code generated by the 2FA token, letting you get into the account to, e.g. set up a new 2FA token/method.