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WebP images support animation, and they're fully supported in Chromium and Firefox[0], but Safari support seems flaky[1]

[0]: https://caniuse.com/webp [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68522707/animated-webp-f...

Animated Portable Network Graphics (APNG) has broad browser and tooling support. (Which surprised me. I knew of the format but didn’t know that it has become viable…)

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/APNG

The latter. Looping video is the replacement.

This. I think Imgur has been using "gifv" which is just WebM. Imageboards that used to accept GIF only now also accepts WebM.

Telegram's "GIF"s are actually H.264 MP4s without an audio track.

And I think Lottie or SVG may be a viable replacement to SWF movies. Sadly there is no software working with these formats that is as user-friendly as old-school Flash.

MJPG aka motion jpeg is just a stream of static jpeg images IIRC. You see it a lot from cheap IP cameras and browsers don't have any trouble rendering it as an animated image.