two factors in Israel might explain

1) immigration - of course Israel grants the right of every Jewish person to live in Israel, in fact paid an incentive to relocate. Presumably there a constant inflow from the Jewish diaspora and their descendants which might supplement the population

2) orthodox families, I'm guessing, have outsized families. Where women do not participate in the market economy, they end up having lots of kids instead

Again, no idea on the percentage contributions of either of these cases, but it might go some way toward explaining Israel's countervailing trend!