The key challenge with DNS is that it is hierarchical and that there's a root with an owner. That owner is an entity that we just have to trust to do the right things in terms of certificates, security, not censoring entries, implementing fair policies for allocating names, etc. Whether you trust the current owners is of course a bit political. Mostly I have no big issues with that myself but it is annoying to have to bribe certain companies for the privilege of using our registered trademark as a domain name. Literally the only service these companies deliver is 'maintaining' a record of that.
A blockchain can replace this with distributed ownership of a tamper proof ledger of ownership of domain names. Building an index of these names is not that hard. Any old search engine or database can do that. But the key part is administering ownership in a fair and transparent way.
It's one of those use cases where using a blockchain actually makes sense without devolving into some pyramid scheme for creating lots of wealth for some. When you think about it, existing DNS works exactly like a pyramid scheme (by design even). Millions of people are paying in the order of 10$ a year for a cheap database record in an ancient hierarchical database. The only value these companies deliver is monopolizing ownership of common endings like .com, .io, etc. And the only reason we need those is because it's an ancient hierarchical database.
With a blockchain, we get rid of those companies and potentially also the top level domains. I see no reason why google, twitter, etc. could not be top level domains.