Do the Teva XLT2 sandals provide enough shock absorption for walking on concrete?
I'm not sure what else would work for feet and toes, though asking on a running / distance-walking discussion would probably be useful. A chief problem is adding something else that irritates skin at the same time you're trying to reduce the problem.
Cyclists tend to swear by bag balm: https://www.rivbike.com/pages/saddle-sores
Ocean rowers and open-water swimmers also use various treatments against friction and salt rashes, though I'm not sure which specifically.