It seems like the question "who invented modern political satire?" can be refined to "at what point does political satire become modern?" Dante's Divine Comedy and Shakespeare's Julius Caesar both offered satirical perspectives on their politician contemporaries, but we aren't considering those to be modern. The article offers:

>differentiated from earlier political prints by iconography, audience, critical function, and the status of the satirist

As it continues we find that the late-17th-century Dutch satirist de Hooghe used a style that moves towards the modern political cartoon on some dimensions, but sticks to a stuffy didactic-prosaic formula in other ways. The conclusion can be inferred: nobody invented modern political satire; it slowly evolved from traditional humor-in-critique by innovations contributed from various people and at various times.