From my experience in the fields of DSP / Data / AI during the last 10 years, issues arise when product teams are segregated into jobs (one guy for initial prototype, then one guy to prep the integration, then one guy for the ops side of things, etc.): people need to be interested and involved in the product they are building end-to-end! Yes this is more demanding, yes this requires perpetual training, but gosh it is rewarding!

My take (non-exhaustive) with the current ecosystem is to apply Agile and DevOps methodologies: - Use Git everywhere all the time, always - Use Jupyter early one: great for quick prototypes & demos, keynotes, training material, articles - Once the initial prototype is approved, archive Jupyter notebooks as snapshots - Write functional tests (ideally in a TDD fashion) - Build and/or integrate the work into a real software product, be it in Python, C++, Java, etc. - Use tools for deterministic behavior (package manager, Docker, etc.) - Use CI/CD and GitOps methodologies - Deliver iteratively, fast and reliably

And by "MATLAB to C++" was a reference to a time (2010's) when corporation were deeply involved with MATLAB licenses, could not afford to switch easily to Python and lots of SWE with applied math background had to deal with MATLAB code written by pure math guys without any consideration for SWE best practices and target product constraints. Nowadays, if the target product is also in Python, there is way less friction, hopefully :)