No it would not.
Forgive my lack of a source, but was there not an article (maybe on Anandtech?) about high-end cards being 90%+ as performant on a 4x PCI-e slot?
Tests that have been done comparing the performance of relatively high end desktop cards on 1x, 4x, 8x and 16x slots have established that while there is a performance penalty, such a solution would still out perform most mobile GPUs.
http://www.techpowerup.com/reviews/AMD/HD_5870_PCI-Express_S...
http://www.techpowerup.com/reviews/NVIDIA/GTX_480_PCI-Expres...
But are you asking about having so much computing power in MBA-like slim body? Then answer is - not for some time. Intel has Haswell [1] prepared for 2013 - that's the soonest I would expect things to change. There is also second possibility - with rumors of Apple going ARM-only - but even if (and that's pretty big if), we would see Macs with ARM around the time of Haswell introduction.
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haswell_(microarchitecture)
I don't know, removing the SuperDrive (whether they leave a second HDD/SSD rack or not) would make for a lot of room in MBPs, I'd say the drive takes more than 25% of the machine's internal volume, maybe up to 30%.
Having an Air-like "bar" SSD with an HDD/SSD rack on top (empty on base machines for instance) and removing the Superdrive would likely pay for most of the slimming towards a wedge MBP shape.
> There is also second possibility - with rumors of Apple going ARM-only - but even if (and that's pretty big if), we would see Macs with ARM around the time of Haswell introduction.
That may happen for the Air, I don't see it happening for MBP.
Is your question "when will we have a four-core MacBook Air with the same battery life as the current two-core version"?
i5 in MBA is still nowhere near power of i5 in my 13" MBP.
If I were buying new computer now, it would be Air, but when I was buying my MacBook Pro, Airs were still using C2D - and since I'm using my computers for years - it wasn't really an option.
It wouldn't make sense to ditch the high-spec parts, either- that's what the MacBook Pro is for. If you don't need the top-end bits, get an Air.
I do wish for a 15" High-res Air though.