Reading it, I felt like I actually understood how computers worked, right down to the “electricity going through wires” level and lower, and how that builds up to if-then statements, etc, in a high-level language.
My computer science degree included courses on microprocessors, circuit design, logic, system architecture, etc. and I think that most rigorous CS programs would also include these.
Obviously everyone's experience will be different but I think of a CS education more of treating computers like an abstract machine, not a physical one.
This is it. It’s not going to tell you some deep technical details about how modern processors work, but it’s an extremely well-written introduction to low-level computer concepts that any moderately intelligent person can follow with no prior specialist knowledge, which is rare among nonfiction books. But still, it’s a popular science book, not a thorough technical treatise.
Also, probably a lot of people read it before university. I read it at age 16 or so and learned basically my entire framework for understanding what a computer is and does. I doubt someone with a rigorous computer engineering degree under their belt would learn anything specific, but it’s still a fantastic piece of writing and you might enjoy seeing a good explanation from first principles of how everything fits together.