This is not an exploit in itself, but could be very useful for pivoting and privilege escalation (across the network). You have to have already achieved root on the target machine, but once you have obtained that you want to start pivoting to other machines which may not have vulnerabilities you can exploit.

The first thing I usually do is dump the /etc/shadow file and start up hashcat on it. However this is a very slow and often unsuccessful approach. With a tool like this, I would still dump the /etc/shadow file but I would also fire this thing up so I can obtain passwords as people log in.

The reason this is useful is because most people reuse passwords across other systems. If I can get the password they use for this system, chances are I just gained access to other systems. The mitigation/defense against this is to always use unique passwords. I'm already root on this box so getting your password benefits me nothing if it's a unique password that you haven't used elsewhere.

Root is still needed, so not an exploit. Still a simple straightforward example on how to use eBPF/libbpf to grab returned data from a userspace function call

It appears that you need root, at a minimum the demo gif uses sudo to run the program. At an absolute minimum you would need CAP_BPF[0] to execute the eBPF.

[0] https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/capabilities.7.html#:~...

Pretty much the same as loading an unsigned or untrusted kernel module, someone would have to get it loaded from a privileged account.

I've heard `eBPF` described as "like JavaScript for your kernel" if the kernel itself was being related to a web browser that runs embedded scripts, so, that should give an idea of how much and what type of power it brings, as well as the expected access level to be able to take advantage of it.

Other uses I've seen for eBPF are inspectors that tell what is happening on encrypted connections and the request headers for any connection, including authentication details that you would expect to be protected. It's great to have this kind of capability on systems that you own!