It really is a toothless law, the hospital probably makes more surplus profit from price discrimination in a single week than their entire fine for the year. The damages should be increased 100x.
Hospitals will comply immediately :)
In general, I’d love to see the same consumer protection required from auto shops applied to a hospital. An auto shop must give an estimate in advance.
Also, I'm pretty sure you can write a contract that doesn't have an upfront price.
A contract has to have defined consideration, otherwise it is not a contract. Time and materials (hourly rate + cost/plus) is another standard form of financial consideration, but "we'll charge you whatever we feel like at some later time" is not.
If you make working with the govt on reimbursements too painful, many hospitals in well-off insured areas (good payer mix which is like gold to medicine) will just stop treating medicare/medicaid.