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Other than the big bright ones (which I guess are nearby stars) are all these things different galaxies?

Yes.

This was an image of a relatively "empty" portion of sky (no stars nearby), so anything you can see has to be pretty bright by itself, which means galaxy, not star.

Does that also include the very tiny little dots? I have the same question as OP, and I thought the tiny dots were single stars, and the little bigger ones (brighter) were galaxies.

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