Ask HN: How do I learn AI?

I've recently become convinced that, if created, extremely competent AI systems have a high likelihood of dramatically accelerating human progress, in everything from drug discovery to engineering to fundamental science. As such, I really want to learn as much as I can about AI technologies, so that I can understand, if not create, AI-driven positive change in the world. (I'm less interested in employable skills than the underlying theory — I doubt intelligence will be solved with TensorFlow!)

I have some programming and (informal, self-studied) CS experience, but I haven't yet finished high school, so my maths background might be lacking (no linear algebra, calculus as of yet). Nonetheless, I'm eager to start learning and doing what I can now — any suggestions for learning resources?