Not defending them but I think a major reason why Twitter (and for example Gmail nowadays) is asking for phone numbers is to decrease spam accounts (which is of course a good thing in itself).
Costs only a few rubles. If you convert it to euros it’s between 1-10 cents, depending on the service and country.
The bottom line is: IDs for sim cards are useless.
PS. I wasn't aware of SS7, reading up on it now.