Does the first amendment protect against treaties the US has signed with other countries requiring the government to take action or violate the treaty?
Republicans would say "hell no it's our sovereignty", Democrats "maybe", the American courts: "maybe but probably not"
Never. Or immediately, depending on your perspective. Either way, there’s no need for further paperwork.
> Treaties to which the United States is a party also have the force of federal legislation […]
— https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/treaties.htm