If the clones are wards of the state, then an industrialized/automated approach to child-rearing becomes plausible. Yes, this is dystopian. But if we're going to do it, we should use the Montessori model, with each cohort helping raise the next.
Regardless of the source of the problem, the end result is the same: not enough people. Cloning treats that symptom even if it doesn't address the source. But yes, you're left with a new problem: who will raise these new people? If it came down to it, the state. Or the state would assign children to couples.
Couples are unlikely to accept. So the only option would be for the state to raise them... I think I saw some sci fi movie where the galactic republic solved a problem with hostile robots this way..
I was thinking more along the lines of Vivarium (very mild spoilers, sorry!), but yes.