> "Anything under 10 minutes is good" for running the CI pipeline (not true anywhere I've been at Google) or "The steps should be 'do a git clone...'" (also not true at Google).

Are these both true/common in the industry? At least where I work CI takes at most a couple minutes (depending on what all you're doing in your docker file) and likewise you can just pull and run CI locally on your machine for nearly any repo.