Is there a way to get OSM to display names in Latin characters? I was in Thailand last week and looking at this very railway map I got really frustrated because I couldn't understand anything with the Thai script.
This depends on the renderer/render settings. e.g. https://openstreetmap.de/karte/ always shows the german names alongside, if available. But those are set by the site owner, not the user (those are not vector tiles after all)
Thai is so inconsistently romanized you still might not understand anything! for example bangkok could be Baanggaawk.