Human Resource Machine is pretty interesting. TIS-100 is also neat but it can be a bit much as it can definitely feel more like programming than a game.

A mostly curated list: https://www.reddit.com/r/programminggames/comments/d5pg8q/a_...

I’ve been working on a single-instruction (subleq) programming game that runs in the browser:

https://jaredkrinke.itch.io/sic-1

Edit: very much inspired by TIS-100.

Shenzhen I/O, is one of the many Zachtronics games which are largely programming games.

Bitburner is my favorite. https://store.steampowered.com/app/1812820/Bitburner/

It’s an idle game at its core so it feels like Factorio whereby you try to automate as much as you can as efficiently as you can.