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I might not understand it correctly, but the t4 helper cells don't directly work on antigens/pathogens.

They do stimulate macrophages, and activate b-cells.

This from some cartoons, and the associated book by Detmer, Immune.

Only tangentially my field, but both cytotoxic and helper T-cells bind on antigens, and indeed this work CRISPR edited anything with a TCR to their (3) preferred, cancer-targeting receptors (for each patient).

The press release has a few more details (in addition to the Nature paper): https://pactpharma.com/news/pact-pharma-reports-data-from-fi...

Your CD4 T cells are basically the directors of your immune system. They license CD8 T cells (T killer cells), B cells and recruit NK and immune cells to sites. The type thought to be most anti-cancer are the Th1, which recruit CD8 T cells and NKs, and are optimised for intracellular pathogens. Cancer can be thought of as an intracellular pathogen because it harbors mutations.

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