Add to this that the US Federal government has conducted numerous hot wars to protect USD dominance. Remember when Saddam Hussain and then Kadafi in Libya each started selling dollars for euros? War. https://bitcoinmagazine.com/markets/petrodollar-deep-dive-wi...

But now the US is even destroying confidence in the dollar, through its confiscation of the Afgan central bank reserves (which included private citizens' deposit accounts) and distributing the money to families of Sept 11th victims; or freezing the Russian central bank reserves, even though the international settlement system was meant to be apolitical.