Fortunately, this post includes a link to an excellent 45min talk on undefined behavior which does go into a fair bit of the detail you were looking for. I encourage you to click it -- it's right in the post's introduction.

The purpose of this post and other "falsehoods" posts is to shine a light on the existence of a misconception or set of misconceptions. By that point, there are usually plenty of other high-quality posts about "why / how / when" etc. but for a variety of social dynamics reasons those posts by themselves did not have the wide distribution and readership they deserved. After shining a light on the misconception, interested readers are generally able to continue the learning process both through the sparked discussion and through doing their own searching.

Here's a specific example of such a post with even more details: https://blog.llvm.org/2011/05/what-every-c-programmer-should...