Ask HN: Measuring performance of binary code layout

What is the current state of things regarding binary code layout optimization?

I've watched a talk [1] on the Coz profiler, that asserted that code layout changes can have significant impact on performance.

My concrete questions:

- Are there recent (>2019) studies or papers discussing the effect of code layout on performance?

- Which tools can I use to inspect and alter code layout? Do I pass some flags to a linker or is there a specialized application for it?

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-TLSBdHe1A (relevant part starts at 10:00)